Postoperative fever can occur due to various infectious or noninfectious causes. The most common causes of the fever that occurs in the first week of surgery include surgical region, urinary tract, lung and catheter related infections caused by hospital-acquired microorganisms. Detailed evaluation should be made when investigating the etiology of postoperative fever. In this case presentation, a rare cause of postoperative fever, brucella pneumonia, was reported in a patient who underwent hemorrhoid surgery. It should be kept in mind that infection sources other surgical area infections may cause postoperative fever and the endemic diseases in the places where the patient lives or travels to should be taken into account.
Keywords: Brucella, postoperative fever, pneumonia