ÖZ
Amaç
Bu çalışma, “sağlıklı olma kapasitesi” çerçevesine dayalı olarak Türkiye için bir Kentsel sağlık indeksi (KSE) geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Rutin olarak toplanan ve kamuya açık 25 il düzeyinde gösterge analiz edilerek dört alana ayrılmıştır: ekonomik, çevresel koşullar ve hizmetler ile sosyo-kültürel göstergeler. Microsoft Excel kullanılarak, nihai KSE 11 seçilmiş yetenek göstergesinin ağırlıklı ortalaması olarak hesaplanmıştır. Beş yaş altı ölüm oranı (U5MR), toplum sağlığının bir göstergesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Geometrik ortalama, Spearman korelasyon ve Cronbach alfa SPSS versiyon 31.0’da hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular
On bir göstergeli endeks, yüksek iç tutarlılık göstermiştir (Cronbach alfa= 0,895). U5MR ile okuryazarlık (r= -0,881), yoksulluk (r= -0,860), hane halkı aşırı kalabalıklığı (r= -0,764), cinsiyet normları (r= -0,742) ve sivil katılım (r= -0,671) gibi göstergeler arasında güçlü negatif korelasyonlar gözlemlenmiştir.
Sonuç
Önerilen UHI, Türkiye’nin illerinde sağlığın yapısal ve sosyal belirleyicilerini değerlendirmek için yeni ve bağlama özgü bir araç sunmaktadır. İller arası karşılaştırmaların yanı sıra kentsel sağlıktaki zamansal değişikliklerin izlenmesini de olanaklı kılarak, kanıta dayalı kentsel politika ve sağlık eşitliği çabalarına katkıda bulunmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Kentsel ölçütler, Kentsel sağlık endeksi, toplum sağlığı, kapasite yaklaşımı, beş yas altı ölüm oranı, ekolojik çalışma
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